DBB2204 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE JULY – AUGUST 2025

Description

SESSION	JULY – AUGUST 2025
PROGRAM	BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA)
SEMESTER	IV
COURSE CODE & NAME	DBB2204 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

 

 

 

Assignment Set – 1

 

 

Q1. What is the concept of sustainability? Discuss various principles of sustainability and their application in development planning.  2+8

Ans 1.

Sustainability

The concept of sustainability refers to the ability to meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It emphasizes the long-term maintenance of ecological balance, resource efficiency, and social equity. Sustainability integrates three fundamental dimensions—economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental protection—often referred to as the triple bottom line. The goal is to ensure that development processes respect environmental limits, promote economic stability, and enhance human welfare. Sustainable development, as defined by the Brundtland

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Q2. Describe the carbon cycle in detail. What are the differences between the biological and geological carbon cycles? Explain how human activities are affecting the carbon cycle.     10

Ans 2.

The carbon cycle is a biogeochemical process through which carbon is exchanged between the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere. Carbon, an essential element for all life, circulates in various forms—carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and organic compounds. This natural cycle maintains the Earth’s temperature and supports life processes through photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition.

Detailed Description of the Carbon Cycle

In the carbon cycle, plants absorb atmospheric carbon dioxide during photosynthesis to form

 

 

Q3. Discuss the various types of renewable energy sources. How can their use benefit the environment?      7+3           

Ans 3.

Renewable energy refers to energy derived from natural processes that are continuously replenished, such as sunlight, wind, water, biomass, and geothermal heat. Unlike fossil fuels, renewable sources produce minimal pollution and are key to achieving sustainable development and combating climate change. The global shift towards renewable energy

 

 

Assignment Set – 2

 

 

Q4. Compare and contrast in-situ and ex-situ conservation methods. Explain their advantages and limitations.  6+4     

Ans 4.

Conservation of biodiversity is essential for maintaining ecological balance and ensuring the survival of species. Conservation refers to the protection, preservation, and sustainable management of natural resources such as plants, animals, and ecosystems. There are two main approaches to biodiversity conservation: in-situ (on-site) and ex-situ (off-site) conservation. Both methods are complementary and play a vital role in safeguarding

 

 

Q5. Describe the Air Quality Index (AQI) system in detail. How is it calculated and interpreted?       10       

Ans 5.

The Air Quality Index (AQI) is a numerical system used to evaluate and report the cleanliness or pollution level of the air in a particular location. It converts complex air pollution data into a single value, color, or category that is easily understandable by the general public. The purpose of the AQI is to indicate the potential health effects associated with varying levels of air pollution so that governments, industries, and individuals can take appropriate preventive or corrective measures. In India, the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) developed the National Air Quality Index in 2014 under the Ministry of

 

 

Q6. What are the different sources of noise pollution? Briefly explain. Also, what are the effects of noise pollution on human health.  7+3     

Ans 6.

Noise pollution refers to the excessive or unpleasant sound that disrupts the normal acoustic balance of the environment and causes discomfort or harm to humans and other living beings. Sound becomes noise when it exceeds acceptable limits or occurs at inappropriate times and places. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), prolonged exposure to noise above 85 decibels (dB) can have adverse physical and psychological effects. Noise pollution has become one of the most common environmental issues in modern society, particularly in