DBB2109 CORPORATE LAWS JULY – AUGUST 2025

Description

SESSION	JULY-AUGUST,2025
PROGRAM	BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA)
SEMESTER	3
COURSE CODE & NAME	DBB2109 CORPORATE LAWS

 

 

 

Assignment Set – 1

 

Q1. Explain the nature and characteristics of law and discuss how law influences business behaviour.  5 + 5           

Ans 1.

Nature and Characteristics of Law & How Law Influences Business Behaviour

Nature of Law

Law may be described as a system of rules and principles created by the State to regulate human behaviour and maintain order in society. It reflects the collective will of the people and ensures justice, fairness, and predictability in social and economic interactions. The nature of law is primarily regulatory, meaning it establishes boundaries of acceptable conduct. It is also dynamic because it evolves over time with changes in society, technology, business practices, and public expectations. Law is universal within its jurisdiction and is compulsory for all individuals and organizations, which ensures uniformity in behaviour. It is

 

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Q2. Define a company and explain its essential characteristics.  Also discuss the doctrine of lifting the corporate veil.  5 +5  

Ans 2.

Company

A company is a legally created artificial person formed under the Companies Act, 2013, having a separate legal identity from its members. It is an association of persons who contribute capital and share profits, managed by directors and recognized by law as capable of owning property, entering contracts, and suing or being sued. Its existence is distinct from the individuals who compose it.

Essential Characteristics of a Company

 

 

Q3. Describe the stages in the formation of a company. Explain the role and responsibilities of the Board of Directors in corporate governance and decision-making.  5+5    

Ans 3.

Stages in Formation of a Company & Role of the Board of Directors

Stages in Formation of a Company

The formation of a company involves several systematic stages.

1. The first is the promotion stage, where promoters conceive the business idea, conduct feasibility studies, arrange initial capital, and prepare essential documents. Promoters also identify prospective directors, draft the Memorandum of Association (MOA), Articles of Association (AOA), and obtain the name approval from the Registrar of Companies (ROC).
2. The second stage is incorporation, where the company is legally formed under the

throughout the company’s life cycle.

 

Assignment Set – 2

 

Q4. Discuss the different types of directors under the Companies Act,2013. Also explain the procedure for appointment of directors.     5+5     

Ans 4.

Types of Directors Under the Companies Act, 2013 and Procedure for Appointment

Types of Directors Under the Companies Act, 2013

The Companies Act, 2013 recognises various kinds of directors based on their functions, responsibilities, and mode of appointment. One important category is the Executive Director, who is involved in the day-to-day running of the company. They hold full-time positions such as Managing Directors or Whole-time Directors. In contrast, Non-Executive Directors are not

 

 

Q5. Explain the concept and importance of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) with reference to the Companies Act, 2013. Also discuss CSR paradoxes. 5+5 

Ans 5.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and CSR Paradoxes

Concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

Corporate Social Responsibility refers to the ethical obligation of businesses to contribute positively to society beyond profit-making. CSR recognises that companies, being part of society, must balance economic objectives with social development, environmental protection, and ethical conduct. Under the Companies Act, 2013, CSR became a statutory requirement, making India the first country to legally mandate corporate social responsibility activities.

Section 135 of the Act applies to companies that meet any of the following criteria: a net

 

 

Q6. Describe the concept of dividend and the policy for the declaration of dividends. Also explain provisions related to share capital, such as issue of shares, under-subscription and over-subscription, issue of shares at premium and discount, and buy-back of shares. 5+5

Ans 6.

Dividend and Share Capital Provisions Under Company Law

Dividend

Dividend refers to the portion of a company’s profits distributed to its shareholders as a return on their investment. It may be paid in cash, shares, or other assets, depending on company policy. Dividends are declared by the Board of Directors and approved by shareholders in a general meeting. The Companies Act, 2013 specifies that dividends can be paid only out of current profits, past undistributed profits, or money provided by the government in the case of guarantees. Dividend declaration reflects financial strength,