MUJ ASSIGNMENTS MBA 3 SEM SAMPLE

MUJ ASSIGNMENT MBA 3 SEM SAMPLE

SESSION
FEB-MARCH 2025
PROGRAM
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
(MBA)
SEMESTER
3
COURSE CODE & NAME DFIN303 TAXATION MANAGEMENT

Assignment Set – 1

1. a. Tax furthers socio-economic development of the country. Deliberate
b. Explain conditions to be tested to determine residential status of an individual and the
various categories of residential status in Income Tax Act
5+5

Ans 1.
(a) Tax Furthers Socio-Economic Development of the Country
Taxation and Development
Taxation plays a pivotal role in the socio-economic development of any nation. It serves as the
primary source of revenue for governments, enabling them to invest in infrastructure,
education, health care, security, and social welfare. Tax revenue also helps in reducing income
inequality through redistribution mechanisms.
Role of Tax in Economic Development
By collecting taxes from individuals and businesses, governments are able to fund public
projects that stimulate economic growth. Investments in infrastructure such as roads,
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2. a. Several investments are eligible for Section 80C deduction from Gross total Income.
Detail 5 such investments by the assessee
b. Draw up the Computation format for income from Let out house property for which
municipal tax, interest and principal on housing loan is paid during the previous year 5+5
Ans 2.
(a) Several Investments Eligible for Section 80C Deduction
Introduction to Section 80C
Section 80C of the Income Tax Act, 1961 is one of the most commonly used tax-saving
provisions by individuals and Hindu Undivided Families (HUFs). It allows a deduction of up
to ₹1.5 lakh per financial year from the gross total income, provided the taxpayer invests in
specified instruments. This deduction not only lowers the taxable income but also promotes a

3. a. Discuss the term dividend u/s 2(22) under the head Income from other sources
b. Deliberate expenses disallowed under section 40 of the Income tax Act 5+5

Ans 3.
(a) Discuss the Term Dividend u/s 2(22) Under the Head ‘Income from Other Sources’
Dividend and Its Taxation
Under the Income Tax Act, income from dividends is taxed under the head “Income from Other
Sources” unless specifically exempt. Section 2(22) of the Act provides a detailed explanation
of what constitutes a dividend, especially in the case of company distributions, whether actual
or deemed.
Dividend Definition u/s 2(22)
Section 2(22) of the Income Tax Act classifies dividends into both actual and deemed

Assignment Set – 2

4. a. Explain the professional or statutory qualifications required for an auditor.
b. What are the deductions and exemptions not permitted in the new regime? 5+5

Ans 4.
(a) Explain the Professional or Statutory Qualifications Required for an Auditor
Auditor Qualifications
Under Indian law, especially the Companies Act, 2013, and the Income Tax Act, an auditor
must possess specific qualifications to ensure credibility, competence, and independence in the
auditing process. These requirements aim to maintain the integrity of financial reporting.
Professional Qualification
The primary qualification for an auditor is that the individual must be a Chartered Accountant

5a. Explain the composition and functions of GST council
b. Explain conditions and eligibility for claim of input tax credit under GST laws 5+5
Ans 5.
(a) Composition and Functions of the GST Council
Introduction to GST Council
The GST Council is a constitutional body established under Article 279A of the Indian
Constitution to make recommendations on key aspects of Goods and Services Tax (GST) in
India. It plays a vital role in ensuring uniformity and cooperation between the Centre and the
States in GST matters.
Composition of the GST Council
The GST Council is headed by the Union Finance Minister as its Chairperson. The

Q6. What are the Tax Implications for a Shareholder of a Company in Case of Dividends
Received?
Ans 6.
Dividend and Taxation
Dividends are the portion of a company’s profits that are distributed to its shareholders. They
serve as a return on the investment made by the shareholder in the company’s equity. In India,
the taxation framework for dividends underwent a major shift with the Finance Act 2020, which
abolished the Dividend Distribution Tax (DDT) and shifted the tax burden from the company
to the individual shareholder. From Assessment Year 2021–22 onwards, dividend income is

SESSION
FEB-MARCH 2025
PROGRAM
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
(MBA)
SEMESTER
III
COURSE CODE & NAME DFIN304 INTERNAL AUDIT AND CONTROL

Assignment Set – 1

1. Elaborate the mandatory guidance prescribed by IPPF. 10
Ans 1.
Introduction to IPPF and Its Framework
The International Professional Practices Framework (IPPF) is the guiding structure issued by
The Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA) for internal audit professionals globally. It provides a
comprehensive framework that outlines the professional standards and ethical expectations that
internal auditors must follow. The IPPF comprises both mandatory and recommended
guidance, but the mandatory elements form the core foundation of internal auditing practice
worldwide.
Mandatory Elements of IPPF
The mandatory guidance of the IPPF includes four key components: the Core Principles for the
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2. Describe Internal audit plan. 10
Ans 2.
Internal Audit Planning
An internal audit plan is a formal, strategic document that outlines the audits that will be
performed within a specific period (usually annually). It is prepared by the Chief Audit
Executive (CAE) and approved by senior management and the audit committee. The purpose
of the audit plan is to ensure that internal auditing efforts are aligned with organizational goals,
risks, and regulatory requirements.
Objectives of an Internal Audit Plan

3. Explain the COSO model along with its components.
Ans 3.
COSO Framework

The COSO model, developed by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission, is a globally recognized framework for designing, implementing, and evaluating
internal control systems. It was introduced to improve organizational governance and reduce
the risk of fraud. The model plays a crucial role in ensuring reliability in financial reporting,
operational efficiency, and regulatory compliance.
The COSO framework is based on the premise that effective internal control is a process

Assignment Set – 2

4. Discuss HR audit highlighting the process to be followed by an auditor. 10
Ans 4.
HR Audit
A Human Resource (HR) audit is a comprehensive method to review current HR policies,
procedures, documentation, and systems to identify areas of improvement and ensure
compliance with legal and regulatory requirements. It assesses how effectively the HR function
supports the strategic goals of the organization. HR audits help detect issues before they
become legal or operational problems.
Importance of HR Audit
HR audits are essential for minimizing risk, improving HR effectiveness, and ensuring that an

5. Write a note on usage of Data Analytics in Internal Audit. 10

Ans 5.
Data Analytics in Internal Audit
In recent years, data analytics has emerged as a transformative tool in the field of internal
auditing. With businesses increasingly relying on digital systems and large volumes of data,

internal auditors must move beyond traditional sampling techniques and embrace data-driven
methodologies. Data analytics enables auditors to perform deeper, more accurate, and
continuous audits, ultimately enhancing the assurance and advisory roles of the internal audit
function.
Role of Data Analytics in Risk Identification
One of the primary uses of data analytics in internal audit is the identification of key risk

6. Narrate CARO highlighting its applicability. 10

Ans 6.
CARO
CARO, or the Companies (Auditor’s Report) Order, is a special regulatory requirement issued
by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) under Section 143(11) of the Companies Act,
2013. The objective of CARO is to enhance the scope of the statutory audit by mandating
auditors to report on specific matters related to the financial health and operations of a
company. The latest version, CARO 2020, came into effect from the financial year 2021–22

SESSION
FEB-MARCH 2025
PROGRAM
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
SEMESTER
III
COURSE CODE & NAME DMBA301 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Assignment Set – 1

1. Explain the meaning of Research and further discuss various types of research. 3+7
Ans 1.
Meaning of Research
Research is a systematic and objective process of gathering, recording, and analyzing data to
discover new facts or verify existing knowledge. It is driven by curiosity and the desire to find
solutions to problems, explore phenomena, and make informed decisions. In a business context,
research supports evidence-based strategy, planning, and innovation by providing valuable
insights. It follows a logical sequence, starting with problem identification, hypothesis
formation, data collection, and ending with analysis and interpretation.
Research is not limited to academic environments but is widely applied in industries,
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2. Discuss various methods of primary data collection.

Ans 2.
Understanding Primary Data Collection
Primary data collection refers to the process of gathering fresh data directly from original
sources for a specific purpose. This type of data is firsthand and original, which makes it highly
relevant and accurate for the research at hand. It helps researchers gain direct insights into the
research problem and is crucial when secondary data is outdated or unavailable.
The methods of collecting primary data vary depending on the research objectives, nature of

3. Discuss various types of questions in questionnaire and their need in questionnaire.
Ans 3.

Questionnaire Design
A questionnaire is a structured tool used to collect data from respondents. It includes a series
of questions related to the research topic. Effective questionnaires require thoughtfully crafted
questions to ensure accurate, valid, and useful data. The types of questions included in a
questionnaire significantly influence the quality of responses and overall success of the
research.
Researchers must choose appropriate question types depending on the nature of the study, the

Assignment Set – 2

4. Explain Editing. Discuss various types of editing. 3+7
Ans 4.
Editing in Research
Editing is an essential step in the research process that involves reviewing, refining, and
correcting the collected data to ensure accuracy, consistency, and completeness. It is usually
performed after data collection and before analysis. Editing helps detect errors, omissions, and
inconsistencies that may affect the quality and reliability of the research findings.
The primary objective of editing is to improve the overall quality of data by eliminating
mistakes such as spelling errors, incomplete responses, irrelevant answers, or

5. Discuss the structure and various components of research report
Ans 5.
Structure of a Research Report
A research report is a formal document that presents the process, findings, and interpretations
of a research study. It serves as a medium to communicate the purpose, methodology, analysis,
and conclusions drawn from a study. The structure of a research report must be logical,
coherent, and standardized to ensure it is understandable and useful to its intended audience.
Typically, a research report follows a formal structure that begins with a preliminary section,
followed by the main body, and ends with supplementary information. This structure is vital

6. A random sample of 395 people in a country were surveyed to find out if gender is
independent of education level. Each person was asked to report the highest education

level they had obtained. The data that resulted from the survey is summarized in the
following table:

High School
Bachelors Masters
Ph.D. Total
Female
60
54
46
41
201
Male
40
44
53
57
194
Total
100
98
99
98
395

Formulate the hypothesis and test that are gender and education level dependent at 5%
level of statistical significance.
Ans 6.
Step 1: Formulate Hypotheses
 Null Hypothesis (H₀): Gender and education level are independent.
 Alternative Hypothesis (H₁): Gender and education level are dependent.
Step 2: Observed Frequency Table (O)

High School
Bachelors Masters
Ph.D. Total
Female
60
54
46
41
201
Male
40
44
53
57
194
Total
100
98
99
98
395

Step 3: Calculate Expected Frequencies (E)
Formula:
E =
Row Total × Column Total
Grand Total

SESSION
FEB-MAR 2025
PROGRAM
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
SEMESTER
03
COURSE CODE & NAME DMBA302 LEGAL ASPECTS OF BUSINESS

Assignment Set – 1

1. Who is the agent? Describe the rights of an agent against his principal. 5+5
Ans 1.
Meaning of an Agent
An agent is a person who is legally authorized to act on behalf of another person, known as
the principal, to create legal relationships with third parties. As defined under the Indian
Contract Act, 1872, Section 182, “An agent is a person employed to do any act for another, or
to represent another in dealings with third persons.” The person for whom such act is done is
called the principal. The relationship between the two is called an agency.
Agents play a vital role in commercial transactions, especially in situations where the
principal cannot directly deal with third parties. Examples of agents include commission
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2. What is meant by dissolution of a firm and dissolution of partnership? Under what
circumstances does the dissolution of the firm take place? 5+5
Ans 2.
Dissolution of a Partnership vs. Dissolution of a Firm
It is common practice to use the terms “dissolution of partnership” and “dissolution of firm”
interchangeably; nevertheless, according to the Indian Partnership Act of 1932, these two
terms have distinct legal meanings.
Dissolution of Partnership means a change in the relationship among the partners due to
events like retirement, death, or admission of a new partner. It does not necessarily bring an

3. Discuss the circumstances under which a bailment may be terminated. What are the
legal implications of termination of bailment? 5+5
Ans 3.
Circumstances for Termination of Bailment
Bailment refers to a legal relationship in which the owner of goods (the bailor) delivers them
to another person (the bailee) for a specific purpose, under the condition that the goods will
be returned or otherwise disposed of as per the bailor’s instructions. The Indian Contract Act,
1872, governs bailment under Sections 148–171.

A bailment can be terminated under various circumstances:
1. Expiry of Time or Fulfillment of Purpose If bailment is for a specific time or purpose, it

Assignment Set – 2

4. Define a patent. Describe the procedure for obtaining a patent.
3+7

Ans 4.
Definition of a Patent
A patent is a legal right granted by the government to an inventor for an invention that is
novel, non-obvious, and industrially applicable. It provides the inventor exclusive rights to
use, manufacture, and sell the invention for a limited period, typically 20 years, in exchange
for public disclosure of the invention. Patents are governed in India by the Patents Act, 1970.
A patent prevents others from making, using, or selling the invention without the inventor’s
permission. It encourages innovation by giving inventors recognition and commercial

5. What is a Company? Discuss its major characteristics.
3+7

Ans 5.
Definition of a Company
A company is a legal entity formed under the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 in India.
As per Section 2(20) of the Act, a company means “a company incorporated under this Act or
under any previous company law.” It is a distinct legal person that can own property, enter
into contracts, sue, and be sued in its own name.

A company is formed by individuals (shareholders or members) who contribute capital and

6. What are the powers and functions of the Competition Commission of India? 10
Ans 6.
Powers and Functions of the Competition Commission of India (CCI)
Introduction to CCI
The Competition Commission of India (CCI) is a statutory body established under the
Competition Act, 2002. Its main purpose is to promote and sustain competition in markets,
protect consumer interests, and ensure freedom of trade. It became operational in 2009 and is
headquartered in New Delhi.
The CCI acts as the watchdog of fair competition in India and seeks to eliminate anti-

SESSION
FEB – MARCH 2025
PROGRAM
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
(MBA)
SEMESTER
III
COURSE CODE & NAME DMKT301 SALES DISTRIBUTION AND SUPPLY
CHAIN MANAGEMENT

Assignment Set – 1

Q1. Discuss the nature of sales management. Explain the various objectives of personal
selling. 5+5
Ans 1.
Nature of Sales Management
Sales management refers to the planning, direction, and control of an organization’s sales
activities. It encompasses recruiting, training, supervising, and motivating the sales force, as
well as developing strategies to meet sales targets. Sales management is crucial for driving
business growth, enhancing customer relationships, and ensuring profitability. It blends
strategic planning with real-time decision-making, focusing on achieving consistent sales

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Q2. Write a short note on:
a. Characteristics of Relationship Marketing
b. Five Drivers of Supply Chain 5+5

Characteristics of Relationship Marketing
Relationship marketing is a long-term strategy that focuses on building and nurturing strong,
lasting connections with customers rather than concentrating on individual sales. This approach
emphasizes customer satisfaction, loyalty, and retention, aiming to transform one-time buyers
into repeat customers.
A key characteristic of relationship marketing is customer-centricity. This approach places the
customer at the core of all marketing decisions. The goal is to understand customer needs and

Q3. Describe the strategic issues in wholesaling. Elucidate the essential features of
retailing. 5+5

Ans 3.
Strategic Issues in Wholesaling
Wholesaling it involves the sale of goods in large quantities to retailers, industrial buyers, or
other wholesalers rather than to end consumers. Wholesalers act as intermediaries between
manufacturers and retailers, playing a vital role in the distribution channel.
Market Coverage It is a major strategic issue in wholesaling. Wholesalers must determine the
extent of their geographical reach and the customer segments they want to serve. Expanding

Assignment Set – 2

Q4. Highlight the various advantages and disadvantages of demand planning. Write in
brief the concept of ERP in SCM. 7+3

Advantages of Demand Planning
Improved Forecast Accuracy
It is one of the primary benefits of demand planning. By analyzing historical data, market
trends, and customer behavior, businesses can make more accurate sales forecasts. This reduces
uncertainty and enables better planning across the supply chain.
Optimized inventory management
It results from effective demand planning. Companies can maintain the right stock levels—

Q5. Differentiate between:
a. Cycle inventory and Safety inventory
b. Warehousing and Packaging 4+6

Ans 5.

Cycle Inventory
it refers to the portion of inventory that a business regularly uses or sells over a given period
during its normal operations. It is also called working stock and represents the typical stock
kept to meet expected demand between two replenishment cycles. Cycle inventory is directly
influenced by order quantity, order frequency, and lead time. Businesses aim to maintain an

Q6. Describe the maturity phase of benchmarking process. Explain the concept of green
supply chain management. 3+7

Ans 6.
Maturity Phase of Benchmarking
it is the final stage in the benchmarking process where the organization has fully implemented
the best practices identified through benchmarking and begins to experience significant
improvements. At this stage, benchmarking becomes a continuous and embedded part of the
company’s culture and strategic planning.
During the maturity phase, companies have already analyzed performance gaps, implemented

SESSION
FEB-MAR 2025
PROGRAM
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
(MBA)
SEMESTER
III
COURSE CODE & NAME DMKT302 CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR

Assignment Set – 1

Q1. Discuss the following personality theories:
(a) Freudian theory (b) Neo-Freudian theory. 5+5

Ans 1.
Freudian Theory
It is one of the earliest and most influential theories in understanding human personality.
Developed by Sigmund Freud, this theory is based on the belief that human behavior is largely
influenced by unconscious motives and internal psychological conflicts. Freud proposed that
personality is composed of three key components: the id, the ego, and the superego.
The id represents the primitive, instinctual part of the personality that seeks immediate
gratification of desires and operates on the pleasure principle. The ego serves as the rational

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Q2. What ways do the lifestyles of consumers influence the purchasing decisions of
consumers?
Ans 2.
Understanding consumer lifestyle
Consumer lifestyle refers to the way individuals live, spend their time, and allocate their money
based on their activities, interests, and opinions (aio). It reflects patterns of behavior that
emerge from personal values, culture, social roles, and economic status. Lifestyle directly
influences consumers’ needs, preferences, and ultimately their buying decisions.
Role of psychographics
It plays a key role in lifestyle segmentation. Psychographic analysis considers factors such as

Q3. In What Situations Can a Motivational Conflict Arise? Explain with Suitable
Example
Ans 3.
Introduction to Motivational Conflict
motivational conflict arises when an individual faces two or more conflicting motives or
desires, making it difficult to choose a course of action. These conflicts are common in
consumer behavior and can affect purchasing decisions when a person is torn between
competing goals, values, or incentives. Understanding motivational conflicts helps marketer
Assignment Set – 2

Q4. Detail different stages of Consumer Decision Making Process. 10

Ans 4.
Consumer Decision-Making
consumer decision-making is a step-by-step process through which individuals identify their
needs, gather information, evaluate alternatives, and choose products or services that best meet
their requirements. Understanding this process allows marketers to target consumers
effectively at each stage.
Problem Recognition
it is the first stage, where the consumer recognizes a gap between their current state and a
desired state. This could be triggered by internal stimuli (hunger, desire) or external stimuli

Q5. What is the tri-component model of attitude formation? 10

Ans 5.
Attitude
Attitude refers to an individual’s consistent evaluation, feelings, and tendencies toward a
particular object, idea, person, or situation. It is a psychological tendency expressed by
evaluating a particular entity with some degree of favor or disfavor. In consumer behavior,
attitudes influence purchasing decisions and brand preferences significantly.
Tri-Component Model of Attitude
It is a widely accepted framework in marketing and psychology that explains how attitudes are

Q6. Write Down the Factors Affecting Diffusion of Innovation. Also, Explain Diffusion
Process of a Product.
Ans 6.
Factors Affecting Diffusion of Innovation
Diffusion of innovation refers to how a new product, idea, or technology spreads among
consumers over time. Several key factors influence the rate and success of this process:
Relative advantage
It is the degree to which an innovation is perceived as better than the existing alternatives. If
the new product offers significant improvement, such as cost savings, efficiency, or

SESSION
FEB-MARCH 2025
PROGRAM
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
(MBA)
SEMESTER
III
COURSE CODE & NAME DMKT303 RETAIL MARKETING

Assignment Set – 1

Q1. The segmentation of retail consumers must follow different bases to justify
profitability. Explain the context with examples of each bases. 10

Ans 1.
Retail Consumer Segmentation
Consumer Segmentation in retail marketing involves dividing a broad consumer market into
sub-groups based on shared characteristics, needs, or behaviors. This approach enables retailers
to tailor offerings, communication, and pricing strategies to different consumer segments,
ultimately enhancing profitability and customer satisfaction.
Demographic Segmentation It is the most basic and widely used segmentation method. It
classifies consumers based on variables such as age, gender, income, education, occupation,
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Q2. What are the key components of the strategic retail planning process? 10
Ans 2.
Strategic Retail Planning
Strategic Retail Planning process involves outlining long-term goals, defining actionable
strategies, and allocating resources to gain a competitive advantage in the retail industry. This
process helps retailers adapt to market changes, meet customer demands, and achieve financial
sustainability.
Situation Analysis
The first step where retailers assess both internal and external environments. Internally, this

Q3. State the concept of retail merchandising. Discuss in detail the steps followed in the
merchandise management process. 2+8

Ans 3.
Concept of Retail Merchandising
Retail Merchandising refers to the planning, sourcing, presenting, and promoting of the right
product at the right place, time, price, and quantity to attract and satisfy customers, while also

maximizing profits. It involves understanding customer preferences and managing inventory
efficiently to ensure a consistent shopping experience. Retail merchandising is not just about

Assignment Set – 2

Q4. Explain the different pricing strategies that retailers adopt to achieve their shortterm
and
long-term
goals.
10

Ans 4.
Retail Pricing
Pricing Strategy in retail is a crucial element that directly impacts sales volume, brand
positioning, profit margins, and customer perception. Retailers adopt different pricing
strategies depending on market conditions, competition, product life cycle, and business goals.
Some strategies aim to boost short-term sales, while others focus on sustainable long-term

Q5. Discuss in detail the different approaches that retailers use to enter international
markets, providing relevant examples for each mode. 10

Ans 5.
International Market Entry
expanding into international markets allows retailers to reach new customers, diversify revenue
streams, and achieve economies of scale. The choice of entry mode depends on factors like
investment capacity, control, risk appetite, and market conditions. Retailers adopt different
strategies based on their global objectives and brand models.
Franchising is a widely used low-investment mode where the franchisor (retail brand) permits

Q6. Provide a detailed explanation on the key components of Customer Relationship
Management (CRM). 10

CRM
customer Relationship Management (CRM) is a strategic approach focused on building,
maintaining, and enhancing relationships with customers to drive loyalty and business growth.
It involves using technology, processes, and data to understand customer needs and deliver
personalized services. Effective CRM ensures long-term profitability by maximizing customer

SESSION
FEB-MARCH 2025
PROGRAM
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
(MBA)
SEMESTER
III
COURSE CODE & NAME DMKT304 MARKETING RESEARCH

Assignment Set – 1

Q1. Explain non-probability techniques and various types of non-probability sampling
techniques with suitable examples. 10

Ans 1.
Introduction to Non-Probability Sampling
non-probability sampling is a sampling method in which not all members of the population
have a known or equal chance of being selected. Unlike probability sampling, it does not rely
on randomization, making it easier and quicker to implement, especially when studying hardto-reach
or
undefined
populations.
It
is
widely
used
in
exploratory
research,
qualitative
studies,

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Q2. What are the nine types of Experimental designs? 10

Ans 2.
Experimental Design
Experimental design in marketing research refers to the structured and controlled setup for
testing hypotheses by manipulating one or more independent variables and measuring their
impact on dependent variables. It ensures that observed outcomes are the result of controlled
variables and not external factors. Experimental designs are broadly classified into three
categories: Pre-experimental, True experimental, and Quasi-experimental.
1. One-Shot Case Study
It is a pre-experimental design where a single group is exposed to a treatment, and its effect

Q3. Explain in brief about focus group interview, its requirement, and the problems that
may arise from using focus group 10
Ans 3.
Focus Group Interview
Focus Group interview is a qualitative data collection method where a small group of people
(typically 6 to 10 participants) discusses a specific topic, product, service, or idea under the

guidance of a trained moderator. The goal is to generate insights into consumer attitudes,
beliefs, perceptions, and motivations. Focus groups are especially useful during the early stages

Assignment Set – 2

4. Discuss the various properties of scales of measurement. Give suitable examples. Also
explain the types of Primary Scales of Measurement 5+5
Ans 4.
Properties of Scales of Measurement
Scales of measurement are used in research to categorize, rank, and quantify variables. The
properties that define these scales determine the type of analysis that can be performed. The
four key properties are description, order, distance, and origin.
Description it means each category or value on the scale must be clearly defined. For example,

Q5. Explain the methods of consumer marketing research. 10

Ans 5.
Consumer Marketing Research
consumer marketing research involves the systematic collection and analysis of data related to
consumer preferences, attitudes, behaviors, and buying patterns. The purpose is to understand
what influences consumers’ purchasing decisions, enabling companies to create better
products, marketing strategies, and customer experiences

Q6. What do you understand by a “quality research report”? What are the factors that
a researcher should consider while developing such a report? 4+6

Quality Research Report – Meaning
A quality research report is a structured document that presents the objectives, methodology,
data analysis, findings, and conclusions of a research study in a clear, precise, and actionable
manner. It serves as the final output of the research process and communicates insights to
stakeholders such as managers, marketers, or clients who may not be familiar with technical

SESSION
FEB-MARCH 2025
PROGRAM
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
SEMESTER
III
COURSE CODE & NAME DSCM 301 SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

Assignment Set – 1

1. Elaborate on the components of a modern supply chain, detailing the roles and
interactions of suppliers, manufacturers, distribution centers, retailers, and consumers.
Elaborate with examples 10
Ans 1.
Modern Supply Chain
A modern supply chain refers to the interconnected flow of goods, services, information, and
finances from raw material suppliers to the final consumer. In today’s globalized and
technology-driven environment, supply chains are no longer linear but networked systems that
require seamless coordination among multiple stakeholders. The key components of a modern
supply chain include suppliers, manufacturers, distribution centers, retailers, and consumers,
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2. What do you understand by Bullwhip effect. Explain with example its impact and
significance. 4+6

Ans 2.
Concept of Bullwhip Effect
The Bullwhip Effect is a phenomenon in supply chain management where small fluctuations
in consumer demand cause progressively larger fluctuations in demand at the wholesale,
distributor, manufacturer, and supplier levels. It creates instability and inefficiency across the
supply chain, often resulting from delays in communication, forecast errors, batch ordering,
and price promotions.
Causes of the Bullwhip Effect
The Bullwhip Effect occurs due to a lack of visibility into actual customer demand. Each

3. Strategic alignment is an important goal of and major task. Discuss how aligning the
SCM activities will enhance the strategic position and overall success of an organization?
Ans 3.
Strategic Alignment in Supply Chain
Strategic alignment in supply chain management (SCM) refers to the process of aligning supply
chain strategies and operations with the overall business objectives and corporate strategy of
an organization. A well-aligned supply chain ensures that all functions—from procurement to

logistics—support long-term goals such as cost leadership, differentiation, innovation, and
customer satisfaction. This alignment transforms the supply chain from a cost center into a

Assignment Set – 2

4. Discuss Supply Chain Integration in reference to Push, Pull, and Push-Pull System with
examples 2+2+2+4
Ans 4.
Supply Chain Integration
Supply chain integration refers to the coordination and seamless flow of information, materials,
and resources among all parties involved in the supply chain. Integration is critical for
improving efficiency, reducing costs, enhancing responsiveness, and delivering value to the
customer. Three primary models of supply chain integration are Push, Pull, and Push-Pull
systems. Each has distinct characteristics and is suited to different product types and market

5. Discussing challenges associated with user resistance and training. Further Analyze
strategies for promoting user adoption and proficiency. 5+5

Ans 5.
User Resistance and Training in Digital Systems
When organizations implement new technologies, enterprise systems, or digital tools,
employees often face difficulty in adapting to changes. Resistance to change and insufficient
training are two major challenges that hinder successful implementation and utilization.
Managing user resistance and providing effective training are critical for promoting user

6. Discuss Definition, Evolution and various E-commerce Models (B2B, B2C, etc.) 2+2+6
Ans 6.
Definition of E-Commerce
E-commerce, or electronic commerce, refers to the process of buying and selling goods and
services over the internet. It involves digital transactions between businesses, consumers, and
other stakeholders. This process includes online marketing, order placement, electronic
payments, logistics, and customer service. E-commerce has revolutionized traditional trade by
eliminating geographical boundaries, enhancing convenience, and offering 24/7 access to

SESSION
FEB-MAR 2025
PROGRAM
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
(MBA)
SEMESTER
03
COURSE CODE & NAME DSCM 302 OUTSOURCING

Assignment Set – 1

1. Elaborate of various challenges of outsourcing and ways to manage them 10

Ans 1.
Outsourcing Challenges
Outsourcing refers to the practice of delegating certain business functions or processes to
external vendors or third-party service providers. While outsourcing offers significant benefits
such as cost savings, access to specialized skills, and improved focus on core activities, it also
presents a set of unique challenges. These challenges, if not managed proactively, can hinder
performance, disrupt operations, and harm long-term business relationships.
Loss of Control Over Operations
One of the primary challenges in outsourcing is the loss of direct control over processes and
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2. Explain about Outsourcing as a Management Discipline
Ans 2.
Introduction to Outsourcing as a Discipline
Outsourcing is not just a cost-cutting tactic but a structured management discipline that
involves planning, executing, monitoring, and optimizing business processes through thirdparty

relationships. As a management function, it encompasses strategic decision-making,
vendor management, performance analysis, and long-term relationship building. Organizations

3. Explain the five phases of outsourcing. 10

Ans 3.
Outsourcing Lifecycle
Outsourcing is a strategic process that follows a structured lifecycle involving multiple phases.
Each phase ensures smooth planning, execution, and optimization of outsourced services. The
five phases of outsourcing help organizations minimize risks, manage vendor relationships
effectively, and ensure long-term value creation. These phases include: Strategy and
Assessment, Vendor Selection, Contract Negotiation, Transition and Implementation, and

Assignment Set – 2

4. What Advantages Does Forecasting Outsourcing Offer?
Ans 4.
Introduction to Forecasting Outsourcing
Forecasting is a critical activity that helps businesses predict future trends in sales, demand,
inventory, and market behavior. Outsourcing forecasting functions involves hiring external
experts or firms to analyze data and generate forecasts. This approach is especially beneficial
for companies lacking in-house analytics capabilities, expertise, or resources. Forecasting
outsourcing not only enhances accuracy but also improves decision-making and cost

5. Describe the procedures for controlling how the public views outsourcing. 10

Ans 5.
Introduction to Public Perception of Outsourcing
Outsourcing, while offering efficiency and cost benefits to organizations, is often met with
mixed reactions from the public. Concerns usually revolve around job losses, quality
compromise, exploitation, and lack of transparency. Therefore, managing how the public
perceives outsourcing is crucial for maintaining a positive corporate image, customer loyalty,
and stakeholder trust.
Transparent Communication
One of the most effective procedures for shaping public opinion on outsourcing is maintaining

6. Explain the Impact of Outsourcing on Enterprises 10
Ans 6.
Introduction to Outsourcing’s Impact

Outsourcing has emerged as a transformative strategy for enterprises, enabling them to focus
on core competencies while leveraging external expertise for non-core activities. The impact
of outsourcing on enterprises can be both positive and negative, depending on how it is planned
and managed. It affects operational efficiency, financial performance, innovation, human

SESSION
FEB-MAR 2025
PROGRAM
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
SEMESTER
III
COURSE CODE & NAME DSCM303 FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

Assignment Set – 1

Q1 Classify and explain the different levels and types of Food Supply Chain Models. 5+5
Ans 1.
Levels of Food Supply Chain Models
Food Supply Chain (FSC) management involves a complex network of stakeholders and
processes that ensure food moves efficiently from farm to fork. The levels of food supply chain
models refer to the stages through which food products flow, each with distinct operational
characteristics.
1. Farm Level (Primary Production)
This is the starting point where food originates — including agriculture, livestock, fisheries,
and horticulture. Key activities include planting, harvesting, feeding, and primary handling. It

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Q2 Identify and explain the key challenges faced in procurement processes across
industries. 10
Ans 2.
Key Challenges in Procurement Processes Across Industries
Procurement is a vital function in all industries, involving the acquisition of goods and services
needed for operational success. While procurement strategies vary by sector, certain challenges
are common across industries and impact efficiency, cost, and supply chain performance.
1. Supplier Reliability and Performance
Industries often face problems with suppliers failing to meet quality, delivery timelines, or
compliance standards. Unreliable suppliers cause production delays, increased costs, and

Q3 Explain the significance of post-harvest technologies in enhancing the quality and
shelf life of agricultural produce. Discuss various techniques used for reducing postharvest
losses
in
different
food
categories.
10

Ans 3.
Significance of Post-Harvest Technologies
Post-harvest technologies play a crucial role in enhancing the shelf life, quality, and safety of
agricultural produce after it is harvested. These technologies aim to minimize losses, maintain

nutritional value, and ensure the availability of food to consumers over extended periods. With
increasing global demand for food and the perishability of fresh produce, effective post-harvest
management is essential for food security, profitability of farmers, and overall efficiency in the

Assignment Set – 2

Q4 Discuss the key food safety issues faced by businesses in the food industry. How can
companies improve their responsiveness to customer concerns regarding food safety
while ensuring compliance with regulations and maintaining product quality? 10

Ans 4.
Key Food Safety Issues in the Food Industry
Food safety is a critical concern for businesses in the food industry as it directly affects
consumer health, brand reputation, and regulatory compliance. With the increasing complexity
of global food supply chains, businesses face multiple food safety risks across production,
processing, storage, and distribution stages.
1. Microbial Contamination
Bacterial pathogens like Salmonella, E. coli, and Listeria are common causes of foodborne

Q5 Explain the different types of Food Product Development Projects. 10

Ans 5.
Introduction to Food Product Development Projects
Food product development is a strategic process that involves transforming an idea into a
marketable food product that meets consumer needs and preferences. The process requires
coordination between research and development (R&D), marketing, supply chain, and
regulatory departments. Different types of food product development projects serve distinct

Q6 Explain the various types of organic farming practiced globally. Discuss the major
advantages and disadvantages of organic farming 4+3+3

Ans 6.
Types of Organic Farming Practiced Globally
Organic farming is a method of agriculture that avoids the use of synthetic fertilizers,
pesticides, genetically modified organisms (GMOs), and growth regulators. It relies on natural
processes, biodiversity, and ecological balance. Various types of organic farming have
emerged globally, depending on local climates, resources, and farming traditions.
1. Integrated Organic Farming
This type combines different agricultural practices such as crop cultivation, animal husbandry,

SESSION
FEBRUARY-MARCH 2025
PROGRAM
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
SEMESTER
III
COURSE CODE & NAME DSCM304 INVENTORY MANAGEMENT

Assignment Set – 1

Q1 Provide a detailed explanation of the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) Model. What
are the assumptions, limitations, and practical applications in real-world scenarios of
EOQ model? 4+6
Ans 1.
Explanation of the EOQ Model
Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) is a fundamental inventory management tool used to
determine the optimal order quantity that minimizes the total cost associated with ordering and
holding inventory. It balances two key components of inventory cost — ordering cost (cost per
order placed) and holding cost (cost of storing inventory). The EOQ formula is derived to
achieve cost efficiency by identifying the point where the total cost curve is at its lowest.
The EOQ formula is:
EOQ = √(2DS / H)

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Q2 What is meant by Independent demand inventory and what are its components? How
does Independent demand inventory affects the retail sector? 5+5
Ans 2.
Meaning of Independent Demand Inventory
Independent demand inventory refers to the type of inventory whose demand is not related to
the demand for any other item. In other words, the demand for such items originates from
external market conditions such as customer preferences, seasonal trends, or promotional
campaigns. This is in contrast to dependent demand inventory, which is directly linked to the
demand for a finished product (e.g., raw materials or subassemblies).
For instance, the demand for laptops in a retail store is considered independent because it is

Q3 Discuss the need for Safety Stock in Inventory Management. What are the factors
which influence Safety Stock levels? 4+6
Ans 3.

Need for Safety Stock in Inventory Management
Safety stock refers to the additional quantity of an item held in inventory to reduce the risk of
stockouts caused by uncertainties in supply and demand. It acts as a buffer against potential
disruptions in the supply chain and variations in customer demand. The need for safety stock
becomes critical in environments where lead times fluctuate, forecasts are not completely

Assignment Set – 2

Q4 Discuss Common Locator Systems and its key components. What are some of the
common Item Placement Theories? 5+5
Ans 4.
Common Locator Systems and Its Key Components
Locator systems are warehouse management mechanisms designed to identify and record the
physical location of inventory items within a storage facility. These systems help improve the
speed, accuracy, and efficiency of storage and retrieval processes, reducing human error and
optimizing space utilization.
There are different types of locator systems based on the complexity and size of operations,

Q5 What are the stages of Food Product Development Process? Discuss some of the
strategies for managing the volume of Product Development Activity in Distribution
inventory. 6+4

Ans 5.
Stages of Food Product Development Process
The food product development process involves a systematic sequence of stages aimed at
transforming an idea into a marketable food product. This process ensures that the product
meets consumer needs, regulatory standards, and production feasibility. It involves multiple
teams including R&D, marketing, and supply chain management.

1. Idea Generation
This is the initial stage where new food product ideas are developed based on market trends,

Q6 Explore the diverse threats of theft encountered by various types of inventories. 10
Ans 6.
Diverse Threats of Theft in Inventories
Theft is a critical concern in inventory management and significantly impacts profitability and
operational efficiency. Different types of inventories — raw materials, work-in-progress
(WIP), finished goods, and high-value items — are exposed to varied forms of theft. These
threats arise from both internal (employee-related) and external (organized crime, customers,
vendors) sources.
1. Theft of Raw Materials
Raw materials are susceptible to theft, particularly in industries like electronics,

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