MUJ B.COM 1 SEM Solved Assignments JAN FEB 2026
| SESSION | JAN-FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF COMMERCE (B.COM) |
| SEMESTER | I |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DCM1106 GENERAL ENGLISH |
Set – 1
Q.1. Explain the origin and development of the English language. Analyse the stages in its evolution and evaluate the importance of World English in global communication. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Origin and Development of the English Language
English is an Germanic language, which was developed in the British Isles. The roots of the language date way back to the fifth century. Germanic tribes referred to as the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes invaded England. The language they introduced became the name of Old English or Anglo-Saxon. This early form of English was quite different than the contemporary English
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JAN-FEB 2026
Q.2. What are sentences? Explain the different types of sentences and analyse the components of a sentence with suitable examples. (2+5+3 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
What is a Sentence?
A sentence is an arrangement of words which expresses a complete thought. It needs to contain a subject and a predicate to be the complete sentence. The sentence starts with a capital letter. It ends with a full end, a question mark or an exclamation mark. As an example “The boy plays cricket” is a complete sentence due to the fact that it includes the subject (the boy) as well as an
Q.3. Explain parts of speech with examples. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Parts of Speech
Parts of speech refer to the different categories into which words are grouped based on their use in a sentence. There are eight parts of spoken language in English. Every word in the English language belongs to any of these categories.
Noun and Pronoun
Nouns are words that describes a person something, or idea. Example: “teacher,” “India,” “book,” ”
Set – 2
Q.4. Explain the rules of Active and Passive Voice and Direct and Indirect Speech with suitable examples. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Active and Passive Voice
In English grammar, voice tells us whether the subject of the sentence takes the action or is the one receiving the action. With active voice, subjects perform the action. In passive voice, the subject takes the decision. Knowing how to use the correct form is essential to writing effectively.
Active voice sentence follows the order subject + verb + object. Examples: “The teacher teaches
Q.5. What is vocabulary building? Explain the methods to improve vocabulary and analyse the different types of vocabulary. (2+5+3 = 10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Vocabulary Building
Vocabulary development is the process of learning, and growing the vocabulary that an individual is familiar with and make use of in communicating. A varied vocabulary can help in communicating ideas effectively and gaining a better understanding of others as well as performing better within professional and academic environments. The process of building
Q.6. Explain the principles, structure, and format of business letters. Analyse the difference between personal and business letters. (2+2+2+4 = 10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Business Letters
Business letters are a formal written communication used in professional settings. This type of letter can be used for placing orders, making complaints, seeking information about products or transferring important information between companies. The business letters should be simple, polite, and professional with regards to tone.
Principles of Business Letters
Good business letters follow some rules. Clarity is the main principle. It should be simple to
| SESSION | JAN-FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF COMMERCE (B.COM) |
| SEMESTER | I |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DCM1107 ECONOMIC THEORY |
Set – 1
Q.1. Elucidate the differences between Micro and Macro Economics. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Micro and Macro Economics
Economic research is generally divided into two branches. These are Microeconomics and Macroeconomics. Both of them study the economy however from different perspectives. Recognizing the different aspects of each aids in analyzing economic issues much more effectively.
Microeconomics
Microeconomics deals with the financial behavior of specific parts. They could be consumer
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JAN-FEB 2026
Q.2. Examine the Factors affecting Supply of a product. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Factors Affecting Supply
Supply refers the number of a good or service which producers are willing and are able to provide for sale with different prices for a given period of time. Supply is not determined just by price. Many other variables affect how much an individual producer is prepared to sell on the market.
Price of the Product
Price is the main influence on supply. When the cost for a particular product goes up producers
Q.3. Explain the concept of the Law of Demand and illustrate its applications with suitable examples. (4+6 = 10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Law of Demand
Demand law is a basic principle of economics. It says that when the price for a product is increased, the value requested by customers decreases and when the cost falls then the amount demanded increases. The inverse relationship between the demand and price is valid in the event that all other elements remain the same. The term “ceteris” means paribus. Demand law can be
Set – 2
Q.4. Discuss the Loanable Funds Theory of Interest in detail. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Loanable Funds Theory of Interest
The Loanable Funds Theory is a method of explaining the rates of interest. It was created by economists including Wicksell, Ohlin, Robertson, and other experts. It states that the rate of interest is determined by the demand for loanable funds in the money market. The term “loanable” refers to funds that can be used for lending and borrowing in the economy.
Supply of Loanable Funds
The supply of loanable funds is derived from a variety of sources. Businesses and household
Q.5. Describe the Subsistence Theory of Wages and its basic assumptions. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Subsistence Theory of Wages
The Subsistence Theory of Wages is one of the first theories in economics. The theory was developed by the classical economists such as David Ricardo and Thomas Malthus. The theory states that wages typically settle at a level that is just enough to allow workers to survive and maintain their families. The minimum amount of money necessary for survival in the bare
Q.6. Describe the Modern Theory of Rent and its main assumptions. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Modern Theory of Rent
The Modern Theory of Rent was developed in the late 19th century by Alfred Marshall and other neo-classical economists. As opposed to the classic belief that rent is only applicable to land, the new theory is much broader. The theory says that rent could be earned by any aspect of production, and not only land. Modern theory defines rent as the extra amount an entity earns over its earnings from transfer. Transfer earnings constitute the bare minimal income that a
| SESSION | JAN-FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF COMMERCE (B.COM) |
| SEMESTER | I |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DCM1108 FUNDAMENTALS OF ACCOUNTING-1 |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Explain the various current assets and current liabilities of a business organization. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Current Assets
These are the assets of a business organization that can be converted into cash or cash equivalents over the span of a few months, usually within one accounting year or operating cycle whichever is longer. These assets are liquid in way and they are crucial for satisfying the daily operational demands of the company. They appear on the assets side of the balance sheet and are listed according to the list of their liquidity beginning from the most liquid up to the most liquid.
Cash and cash equivalents are the most liquid form of cash assets. These include the physical
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JAN-FEB 2026
Q.2. Explain the four main Accounting Conventions. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Accounting conventions are generally accepted practices and guidelines which accountants adhere to when preparing financial statements. They aren’t legally binding however, they have developed over time to ensure an uniformity, consistency, and comparability in financial reports. They assist in giving truthful and accurate information of a business’s financial performance.
Q.3. Prepare a double-column Cash Book with cash and bank columns from the following transactions for the Month of March 2026. (10 Marks)
| Date (March 2026) | Particulars | Amount in Rs |
| 1st | Cash in hand | 25,000 |
| 1st | Cash in Bank | 30,000 |
| 3rd | Purchased goods for cash | 6,000 |
| 5th | Deposited cash in bank | 10,000 |
| 8th | Cash Sales | 12,000 |
| 10th | Paid to Chandni by Cheque | 4,500 |
| 15th | Sold goods to Ashok Mehta on credit | 4,000 |
| 16th | Received cheque from Mahesh and deposited into bank the same day | 7,000 |
| 18th | Received cheque from Arun Kumar and deposited into bank | 2,000 |
| 30th | Purchased goods from Mr. Chopra on credit. | 5,000 |
| 31st | Bank charges for the month | 400 |
Ans 3.
The Double Column Cash Book is an essential accounting record that records all transactions that are related to both cash and bank in a single book. It has two columns in each with one column for cash and another for bank making it easier to record receipts and payments efficiently. This type of cash book serves as both a journal and as a ledger. This reduces the
Assignment Set – 2
Ans 4.
- a) Straight Line Method (SLM)
The Straight Line Method, also known as”the Fixed Instalment Method or Original Cost Method is among the most frequently used methods for calculating depreciation on stationary assets. Under this method, the same amount of depreciation will be charged each year over the duration of the asset so that the asset is totally written off by the date of the estimated life. The formula
Q.5. From the following information, Prepare the Trading and Profit and Loss Account of Supreme Soul & Sons for the year ended 31st March 2025, in proper format, clearly mentioning the Gross profit and Net profit for the year ended 31st March 2025. Closing stock was valued at Rs 200,000.
| Particulars | Amount | Particulars | Amount |
| Opening stock | 100,000 | Sales | 7,20,000 |
| General Expenses | 20,000 | Purchases Returns | 5,000 |
| Purchases | 400,000 | Creditors | 50,000 |
| Carriage outward | 20,000 | Capital | 360,000 |
| Wages | 90,000 | Carriage Inwards | 5,000 |
| Salaries | 50,000 | Drawings | 40,000 |
| Office Rent | 50,000 | Debtors | 3,00,000 |
| Sales returns | 10,000 | Advertising | 20,000 |
| Machinery | 70,000 | Cash | 40,000 |
Ans 5.
The Trading and Profit and Loss Account is made to evaluate the financial performance of a business within a certain accounting period. It’s split in two sections of the trading Account as well as the Profit and Loss Account.
This Trading Account is prepared to determine the Gross Profit or Gross Loss. It covers all direct costs and revenues related to the principal business processes, such as purchase, opening stock of wages, transport inwards sales, closing inventory. Gross Profit can be defined as the amount of
Q.6. Explain the meaning and features of the Receipt and Payment account prepared by Not-for-Profit organisations and also explain how it is different from the Cash book. (6+4 = 10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Receipt and Payment Account
A Payment and Receipt Account is a summary of all cash and bank transactions of a Not-for-Profit Organisation for a specific accounting period. These organizations, such as clubs charitable trusts, hospitals, and educational institutions were established in order to supply services rather than making money. Thus, instead of making trading and Profit and Loss
| SESSION | JAN-FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF COMMERCE (B.COM) |
| SEMESTER | I |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DCM1109 BUSINESS ORGANISATION |
Set – 1
Q.1. Describe the main features of a Joint Stock Company. Explain its advantages and disadvantages. (3+4+4 = 10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Joint Stock Company
The joint stock corporation is an organisation in business that divides ownership into smaller units known as shares. Anyone can purchase these shares and be a part owner of the firm. The company is formed under the Companies Act and has a separate legal name. This means that the business can have its own assets, sue as well as be sued under its own name.
Main Features
A joint stock company has various important advantages. One of them is that it has separate legal
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Q.2. Write a short note on: A) Primary Sector B) Size of a Business (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
- A) Primary Sector
The primary sector includes every activity that involves removal of sources from the earth. Agriculture is the main component of this industry. Mining, fishing, farming forestry, mining and animal husbandry all fall under this category. In countries that are developing, such as India where a substantial portion of people still depend on the primary sector to earn their living.
The sector is the foundation for the whole economy. It supplies raw materials to industries, as
Q.3. Discuss in detail the responsibilities of entrepreneurs toward different stakeholders. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Entrepreneurs and Their Responsibilities
An entrepreneur is someone who creates and operates an enterprise, taking on financial risks with the expectation of making a profit. In addition to the ability to make money Entrepreneurs also have obligations to various communities in the society. They are referred to as stakeholders. Each stakeholder group has a distinct connection to the business, and have different expectations
Set – 2
Q.4. Elaborate the various reasons of closure or failure of a company. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Reasons for Closure or Failure of a Company
Many businesses fail even after a promising start. Learning the reasons for why companies fail can be crucial in avoiding the possibility of such catastrophes. There are a variety of internal and external reasons that lead to the closure of a company.
Poor Management and Planning
Poor management is among most frequent reasons for the failure of a business. When managers
Q.5. Elaborate the services provided by AIMO (All India Manufacturers’ Organisation) to its members. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
All India Manufacturers Organisation (AIMO)
The All India Manufacturers Organisation, also known as AIMO, is one of India’s most revered and oldest industries and trade associations. It was established to promote manufacturing interests across India. AIMO serves as a firm voice for its members in discussions with the government and other regulatory authorities.
Representation and Advocacy
One of the main of the services AIMO offers is the representation of manufacturers in front of
Q.6. Discuss the role of any one Indian business law (of your choice) and its impact on business operations. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Companies Act 2013
Companies Act 2013 Companies Act 2013 is one of the major lawful business regulations in India. It replaced the older Companies Act of 1956 and introduced a number of modern changes to control the creation and operation of companies. The law is applicable to every type of business, including private limited companies and public limited corporations and one person
| SESSION | JAN 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF COMMERCE (B.COM) |
| SEMESTER | I |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DCM1110 PRINCIPLES OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Classify the three types of managerial skills with example. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Management requires a wide range of skills to organize, plan as well as manage the organisation’s resources efficiently. Robert L. Katz classified managerial competencies in three broad categories: technical abilities, human capabilities as well as conceptual abilities. Each type is essential for different levels of management and plays an important role in organisational success.
Technical Skills
Technical skills refer to the ability to use particular methods, knowledge as well as tools for performing specific tasks. These skills are acquired via formal education, training and practical experience. Technical skills are most critical for those in lower levels of management when
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Q.2. Describe the types of systems. Mention the advantages and disadvantages of systems approach. (4+6 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Types of Systems
A system is a set of interrelated and interdependent components working together to achieve an end goal. Systems can be classified into two main categories.
Open systems interact with its external environment by receiving inputs and producing outputs. It is influenced by changing conditions within its environment. Businesses are open systems due to the fact that they draw in sources like labour, raw materials and capital from their environment
Q.3. Describe the steps in strategic planning. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Strategic planning is the method by which an organisation defines its long-term direction, sets objectives, sets priorities, and allocates resources and develops a plan for achieving its goals. It offers a specific framework for decision-making and helps an organization to adapt to ever-changing environment. Strategic planning follows a series of systematic steps that ensure the
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Explain the importance and limitations of planning in an organisation. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Importance of Planning
Planning is the main and fundamental job of management. It is the basis on where all the other management tasks such as staffing, organizing managing, directing, and controlling are based. Without a strategy, management actions are not guided by a purpose or direction. A plan provides clear evidence of direction by defining objectives and defining the exact steps to attain the goals. It also ensures that every person and department within the organisation works toward
Q.5. Distinguish between Centralisation and Decentralization. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Centralisation and decentralisation refer to the degree at which the authority to make decisions is situated or dispersed across an organization. Both represent opposite ends of a spectrum. Each offers distinct advantages, characteristics and drawbacks, which make them suitable for different organisational contexts and environments.
Centralisation
Centralisation is an arrangement in the organisation where decision-making power is concentrated at the top level of management. Large decisions are made by executives at the top and conveyed downward through the hierarchy. Lower-level managers are not able to make decisions and are required to refer the majority of decisions to superiors for approval.
Q.6. Differentiate between Recruitment and Selection. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Selection and Recruitment are two interlinked, however distinct processes for managing human resources. They are both part of the hiring purpose, which aims to seek out, analyze and recruit the most suitable candidates for job vacancies. Though they’re often discussed as a team, the two functions differ in their intent, procedure results, and process.
Recruitment
The process of recruitment is finding and recruiting the best candidates for an open job. It’s a process that’s positive that aims to generate as many suitable applications as possible. It begins
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