DCA2201 COMPUTER NETWORKING JULY SEPTEMBER 2025

Description

SESSION	FEB-MARCH 2025
PROGRAM	BACHELOR OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS (BCA)
SEMESTER	IV
COURSE CODE & NAME	DCA2201 COMPUTER NETWORKING

 

 

Set-I

 

Q1. What is the purpose of having layered architecture in computer networks? Explain TCP/IP referenced model 5+5      

Ans 1.

Purpose of Layered Architecture in Computer Networks and TCP/IP Reference Model

Purpose of Layered Architecture

Layered architecture in computer networks refers to the structured division of communication processes into distinct functional layers. Each layer is responsible for specific tasks and interacts only with its adjacent layers. This modular approach simplifies the complex process of data communication, ensures standardization, and allows flexibility in protocol design.

The primary purpose of layering is to break down network functions into manageable parts. It provides abstraction, meaning that each layer performs its task independently without needing to

 

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Q2. Explain the various purposes of Transport layer. Also, discuss the main differences between TCP and UDP protocols. 10    

Ans 2.

Purposes of the Transport Layer and Differences Between TCP and UDP

The transport layer is the fourth layer of the OSI model and the second layer of the TCP/IP model. It plays a crucial role in ensuring reliable and efficient communication between devices. Its main purpose is to provide end-to-end communication services, manage data flow, and ensure the complete and accurate delivery of messages from one host to another.

Purposes of the Transport Layer

The transport layer performs several essential functions that ensure data integrity, reliability, and

 

Q3. Give a contrast between unicast, multicast and broadcast. Also explain the way they implemented.        10           

Ans 3.

Unicast, Multicast, and Broadcast: Concepts and Implementation

Data transmission in computer networks can occur in different modes depending on how data is addressed and delivered to the recipients. The three fundamental types of data transmission are unicast, multicast, and broadcast. Each serves a unique purpose and uses specific addressing and delivery mechanisms within the network.

Unicast Transmission

Unicast refers to one-to-one communication between a single sender and a single receiver. In this mode, data is sent to a specific destination IP address. Each device maintains its own dedicated

 

 

Set-II

Q4. Explain various routing methods follow in network layer. Discuss their purpose in different environments.            5+5     

Ans 4.

Various Routing Methods in the Network Layer and Their Purpose in Different Environments

Routing is the process of selecting the most efficient path for data packets to travel from source to destination across interconnected networks. It is performed by the Network Layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model using routing algorithms and protocols. The main purpose of routing is to ensure data delivery through optimal paths while maintaining speed, reliability, and scalability in communication.

Various Routing Methods

1. Static Routing: In static routing, routes are manually configured by the network

 

 

Q5. Discuss various queue management used in networking.       10       

Ans 5.

Various Queue Management Techniques Used in Networking

Queue management in computer networks deals with how data packets are stored and processed in router buffers before being transmitted. Effective queue management ensures optimal resource utilization, minimizes congestion, and maintains fair access for all users. As network traffic increases, routers must use appropriate queue management algorithms to handle packets efficiently.

1. First In First Out (FIFO) Queue

In the FIFO or Drop Tail approach, packets are processed in the exact order they arrive. Once the

 

 

Q6. Explain the working of DNS step by step.       10

Ans 6.

Working of Domain Name System (DNS)

The Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical and distributed naming system that translates human-readable domain names (like www.example.com) into machine-readable IP addresses (like 192.168.1.1). DNS acts as the “phonebook” of the Internet, enabling users to access websites without memorizing numeric IP addresses.

Step 1: User Request

When a user enters a website address into a browser, such as www.example.com, the computer