DMBA207 PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT FEB-MARCH 2025

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Assignment Set – 1

Q1. Briefly explain any two steps involved in increasing labour productivity. What is benchmarking? Explain the steps of benchmarking.           

Ans 1.

Steps Involved in Increasing Labour Productivity

Labour productivity is a measure of the output produced per unit of labor input. It is a key performance indicator in manufacturing and service sectors, directly impacting operational efficiency and profitability. Improving labor productivity involves optimizing worker performance and creating a conducive work environment. Two effective steps to increase labor productivity are:

1. Training and Skill Development Investing in employee training enhances their technical skills, knowledge, and job efficiency. Properly trained workers are better equipped to handle

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Q2. What do manufacturing industries adopt the types of production systems? Explain manufacturing strategies that a firm can apply to meet the operations strategy. What are the factors to be considered when selecting a forecasting method? Explain briefly

Ans 2.

Reasons for Adopting Types of Production Systems

Manufacturing industries adopt different types of production systems based on their product nature, customer demand, volume, and cost constraints. The most common production systems include job production, batch production, and mass/continuous production. The choice of system affects the entire production strategy, including layout, workflow, inventory, and delivery times.

• Job Production is suitable for customized, one-off items like custom furniture or

Q3. What is process layout? Explain with an example.   Explain the important factors that improve product quality. 10

Ans 3.

Meaning of Process Layout

A process layout, also known as a functional layout, is a type of facility layout in which similar machines or functions are grouped together in departments or areas. This layout is commonly used in job-shop or batch production systems where products undergo various customized processes. It is best suited for businesses that manufacture products in small quantities with varying designs and processing requirements.

In this layout, materials move from one functional department to another based on the sequence of operations needed. Although it may lead to longer production times and higher handling

Assignment Set – 2

4. What is logical process modelling of business? Explain briefly. Discuss project management philosophy

Ans 4.

Meaning of Logical Process Modelling of Business

Logical process modelling is a technique used in business analysis to represent the sequence and flow of business processes in a systematic, abstract way. It focuses on what happens in a process rather than how it is executed physically. The purpose of logical process modelling is to create a clear, technology-independent map of business operations that can be analyzed, improved, or automated.

A logical process model typically includes activities, decisions, inputs, outputs, and the flow of information. Tools like flowcharts, data flow diagrams (DFDs), and Business Process Model

Q5. How do you control quality during project implementation? What is the Bullwhip Effect in Supply Chain Management, and how can it be prevented?         

Ans 5.

Controlling Quality During Project Implementation

Controlling quality during project implementation involves systematic planning, monitoring, and corrective actions to ensure that project deliverables meet the required standards. Quality control is vital for maintaining customer satisfaction, avoiding rework, and ensuring cost-effectiveness. Several tools and practices are employed during the implementation phase to control quality:

1. Setting Quality Standards and Metrics At the start, specific quality standards are defined based on project requirements and stakeholder expectations. Metrics like defect rates, tolerance l

Q6. What is Value Analysis? What are the steps involved in Value Analysis? Write a short note on total productive maintenance.

Ans 6.

Meaning of Value Analysis

Value Analysis (VA) is a systematic approach used to improve the value of a product or service by examining its functions, design, materials, and processes. The aim is to reduce cost without compromising on quality, performance, or customer satisfaction. It involves assessing each component of the product to ensure that it contributes effectively to its intended function at the lowest possible cost.

VA is typically applied during product design or redesign but can also be used for services and business processes. It encourages creativity, teamwork, and innovation to enhance value for